Successful modification | The parasite was generated by the genetic modification |
The mutant contains the following genetic modification(s) |
Gene tagging
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Reference (PubMed-PMID number) |
Reference 1 (PMID number) : 18403203 |
MR4 number |
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Parent parasite used to introduce the genetic modification |
Rodent Malaria Parasite | P. berghei |
Parent strain/line | P. berghei ANKA |
Name parent line/clone |
P. berghei ANKA 2.34
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Other information parent line | P. berghei ANKA 2.34 is a cloned, gametocyte producer line of the ANKA strain (PubMed: PMID: 15137943). |
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The mutant parasite was generated by |
Name PI/Researcher | M. Hirai; H. Matsuoka |
Name Group/Department | Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Infection and Immunity |
Name Institute | Jichi Medical University School of Medicine |
City | Shimotsuke City |
Country | Japan |
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Name of the mutant parasite |
RMgm number | RMgm-157 |
Principal name | gcs1::agfp |
Alternative name | |
Standardized name | |
Is the mutant parasite cloned after genetic modification | Yes |
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Phenotype |
Asexual blood stage | Not different from wild type |
Gametocyte/Gamete | No GFP expression in asexual blood stages and female gametocytes and gametes. Only male gametocytes and male gametes are GFP-positive. |
Fertilization and ookinete | Not different from wild type |
Oocyst | Not different from wild type |
Sporozoite | Not different from wild type |
Liver stage | Not tested |
Additional remarks phenotype | Mutant/mutation
The mutant expresses a GFP-tagged form of GCS1 (Generative Cell Specific 1; HAP2). The gcs1-agfp gene is under the regulation of the endogenous gcs1 gene promoter
Protein (function)
In Arabidopsis the male-specific sterility protein HAP2 has been identified by a genetic screen (HAP mutants: containing haploid-disrupting (hapless) mutations; Johnson M.A. et al., 2004, Genetics 168, 971-82) . A HAP2 family member called GCS1 (for generative cell-specific) was subsequently identified in a screen for lily genes whose transcripts were up-regulated in sperm (generative cells) . GCS1/HAP2 is conserved and members were found in rice, Chlamydomonas, a red alga, a slime mold, Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania major. Phenotype analyses of mutants lacking expression of GCS1/HAP2 (RMgm-155, RMgm-156) indicate a role of GCS1/HAP2 in fertilisation. Female gametes are fertile, whereas male gametes are sterile. Male gametes are able to attach to female gametes and form tight prefusion membrane attachments but the membranes of the gametes do not merge or fuse.
Phenotype
The phenotype analyses indicate specific expression of GCS1 in male gametocytes and male gametes. See also mutant RMgm-158 which expresses GFP under the control of the GCS1 promoter region. Analysis of this mutant indicates the lack of expression in ookinetes.
Phenotype analyses of mutants lacking expression of GCS1/HAP2 (RMgm-155, RMgm-156) indicate a role of GCS1/HAP2 in fertilisation. Female gametes are fertile, whereas male gametes are sterile. Male gametes are able to attach to female gametes and form tight prefusion membrane attachments but the membranes of the gametes do not merge or fuse.
Additional information
GenBank accession no. XM_671808.
Other mutants
RMgm-155: An independent mutant lacking expression of HAP2/GCS1.
RMgm-156: A mutant lacking expression of HAP2/GCS1.
RMgm-167: A mutant expressing a GFP-tagged form of HAP2/GCS1
RMgm-158: A mutant expressing GFP under the control of the hap2/gcs1 promoter
RMgm-605: A mutant expressing a mutated form of HAP2/GCS1 lacking the HAP2-GCS1 (HG) domain
RMgm-606: A mutant expressing a mutated form of HAP2/GCS1 lacking the entire C-terminal region downstream from the TM domain
RMgm-607: A mutant expressing a mutated form of HAP2/GCS1 lacking the TM domain and the entire C-terminal region downstream from the TM domain |